Othello Character Essay

Othello Character Essay In the play, Othello, by William Shakespeare, Othello is a general in the Venetian army, who also happens to be black and of Muslim descent, although he is a converted Christian. From the beginning of the play, Othello is victimized and characterized as an outcast in Venetian society. Throughout the play, Othello is mistreated and betrayed, despite his vast amount of love and trust for his friends or supposed friends. Othello is obviously the most repeatedly and most brutally victimized in the play by Iago, among others. Right from the first scene of the play he is not given the dignity of a name, rather called by racial slurs such as â€Å"The Moor† (1. i. 63), â€Å"The Thick Lips† (1. i. 72) â€Å"Black Ram† (1. i. 97) and a â€Å"Barbary Horse† (1. i. 125). These blatantly disrespectful terms are used by both Roderigo and Iago, who is considered one of Othello’s close acquaintances. This shows the obvious lack of honor and respect shown by his so-called ‘friends’. Another example of Iago’s and other’s mistreatment of Othello comes in Act 2 Scene 3 between lines 235 to 261 where Iago lies straight to Othello’s face about what had transpired. This shows that Iago can and will completely disregard Othello’s superiority and honesty and lie about what had happened and about his direct involvement in the fight. This leads to another example of Iago’s disregard for Othello’s authority and lack of trust in Othello’s decisionmaking as he tries to get Cassio to lose his lieutenancy. Another example of Iago victimizing Othello occurs in the very beginning of ‘The Temptation Scene’, Act 3, Scene 3. It happens in lines 40-47. Iago subtly plants a seed of doubt in Othello’s mind about Desdemona and Cassio’s relationship, and Cassio’s attitude towards Othello. This is a very interesting part of the play because it is one of Iago’s most obvious observations intended to prod Othello’s jealousy. It also shows his ability to intentionally take advantage of his friends weaknesses, in this instance, Othello’s deep trust in Iago’s word and his jealousy surrounding Desdemona. A different example of Othello’s misguided jealousy and mistrust, placed in his head by Iago is the majority of Act 3, Scene 4, wherein Othello pressures Desdemona about his handkerchief. This is important because Desdemona unknowingly played right into Iago’s plan by semi-ignoring Othello’s unrest to try to talk to him about Cassio, which angers Othello even more and adds to the envious thoughts already brewing in his head. All of these examples are instances of Iago’s ability to play on Othello’s emotions and feelings, leading to Othello becoming blinded by his own jealousy and rage. Othello is easily the most victimized in the play, tricked and beguiled away from his true thoughts by Iago’s lies and deception.

Branded Luggage Analysis

DSS 21106 AdverMsing Management Campaign Delsey – Client Team TA1 Cham Ka Yan Polly Chui Tsz Shan Didian Koon Tsz Ling Cuby Lai Paak Ling Paakling Leung Hoi Man Niki Leung Wing Nam Erica Tsai Chi Ho Harold Tse Lai Shuen Sherry Wong Yi Tsang Anna 52214988 52213200 52214349 52235277 52214546 52213574 52215844 52215764 52213629 1 Delsey - ­? Background: †¢? Founded: France in 1946 †¢? Founder: Delahaye Seynhaeve brothers †¢? Name: The company named by the Founder who are Mr. DELAHAYE and he †¢? Slogan: Travel Smart SEYNHAEVE brothers, they combine their name – DELSEY †¢? Head o? ce: France †¢? Business: Delsey Design, an integrated research and creaMon laboratory of 7 designers has implemented a consistent creaMve approach. Delsey designers draw their inspiraMon from a range of rich and unique spheres (as fashion, car and sport industry) focusing their creaMvity to invent ever more innovaMve luggage 2 Delsey - ­? History: 1946 The Seynhaev e brothers joined with Mr.Delahaye and together created the DELSEY brand 1972 The revolution: the first rigid suitcase on wheels 1975 Creation of a rigid luggage in injection-moulded polypropylene 1984 First semi-rigid ‘Helium’ suitcase built on an injected monobloc frame 1993 Creation of the ‘Dual Drive’ concept, a rolled suitcase on 2 or 4 wheels 1999 Wheels pack system (patented) stopping wheels scraping against the back 2001 Creation of the largest and lightest polypropylene suitcase in the world 2006 Easy removable wheel system (patent pending) 2008 First fiberglass structure with shape memory (patent pending) 2009 Introduction of the lightest soft suitcase in the world 2010 Launch of Zip Securi Tech, an exclusive security innovation (patented) 3 Delsey- ­? Trademark Information 4 †¢? The Trademark: Delsey ® Delsey- ­? Trademark Registration 5 Delsey - ­? Spirit: †¢? DELSEY creates LIGHT and DESIGN luggage with HIGH QUALITY standards †¢? No compromises on FUNCTIONALITIES †¢? Discovers the equaMon between lightness and resistance †¢? DELSEY LUGGAGE ARE SUBJECTED TO RIGOROUS TESTS OF QUALITY FOR HOMOLOGATION †¢? Enjoy the perfect balance between useful and essenMal funcMons 6 Delsey - ­? Spirit: Design & [email  protected] are †¦ †¢? FOCUSED on your needs DETERMINED on [email  protected] SHINING AHEAD so you can feel the di? erence 7 Delsey – Innovations †¢? Totally 10 InnovaMons from 1972 – 2010 †¢? 1972: The 1st rolley hardside suitcase with wheels †¢? 2001: World’s largest hardside polypropylene suitcase †¢? 2009: The lightest DELSEY soa suitcase †¢? 2010: ZIP SECURI TECH 8 Delsey – Innovations 2010 - ­? ZIP SECURI TECH 2009 - ­? The lightest DELSEY 9 soa suitcase Delsey – Awards †¢? Totally 9 Design Awards †¢? Best product of the year in Cannes Tax free Word- ­? wide ExhibiMon †¢? Special award at the Paris leather goods fair †¢? ILM O? enbach award for innovaMve design 1975 : French Export Oscar Award 1987 : French Export Oscar Award for excepMonal performance 1992: Product of the Year Award from the BriMsh luggage associaMon 1998 : Cannes Tax free Word- ­? ide ExhibiMon, best product of the Year 2004 : Special award at the Paris leather good fair 2006 : NominaMon for InnovaMon during the Milano Impel exhibiMon 2009 : ILM O? enbach award for innovaMve design 2010 : Nominated by Observeur du design 2011 : Nominated by Observeur du design 10 11 Delsey – Kapferer’s Branding System Delsey Travel Business Endorser Brand Travel NecessiMes Delsey school Umbrella Brand 12 Endorsing brand Line Brand Umbrella Brand 13 Product Brand Endorsing brand Umbrella Brand Line Brand 14 Endorsing brand Umbrella Brand Line Brand Product Brand 15 Delsey †¢? Endorser brand Umbrella brand ? TELESCOPIC   TROLLEY CART FOLDABLE TROLLEY CART LUGGAGE SCALE AU TOMATIC POCKET UMBRELLA DRY BOX SAFETY CABLE POCKET UMBRELLA TRAVEL PILLOW ERGONOMIC TRAVEL PILLOW DE LUXE HANGTAG TRAVEL CUSHION FOR THE BACK SET OF 2 PROTECTION COVERS FOR SHOES AND LAUNDRY SET OF 3 PROTECTION COVERS FOR SHIRTS, UNDERWEAR AND SOCKS TRANSPARENT POUCH FOR LIQUIDS AEROSOLS AND GELS TSA LUGGAGE STRAP WITH 3? VDIGIT COMBINATION LOCK DELUXE UNIVERSAL ELECTRICAL PLUG ADAPTOR 16 WITH USB CONNECTION Travel [email  protected] †¢? FOLDABLE TRAVEL BAG †¢? FOLDABLE BACKPACK †¢? FOLDABLE SHOPPING BAG †¢? TOILETRY ORGANISER SIZE L †¢? WET PACK †¢? REPORTER BAG †¢? ORGANISED BELTBAG †¢? SMALL VERTICAL REPORTER BAG †¢? MULTIFUNCTION BELT BAG †¢? TOILETRY ORGANISER SIZE S †¢? DOCUMENT HOLDER WITH ZIPPED CLOSURE †¢? NECK BAG †¢? WAIST BAG †¢? EXPANDABLE SUITCASE COVER L/XL †¢? EXPANDABLE SUITCASE COVER M/L †¢? DOCUMENT HOLDER WITH ELASTIC CLOSURE †¢? TRAVEL COMPANION †¢? VERTICAL MULTIFUNCTIO N POUCH SIZE M/L †¢? HORIZONTAL MULTIFUNCTION POUCH †¢? VERTICAL MULTIFUNCTION POUCH SIZE S/M †¢? 3 ZIP POUCH †¢? CLOTHES COVER †¢? MULTIPOCKET HOLSTER BAG †¢? 2 FUNNY HANGTAGS †¢? DIGITAL LUGGAGE SCALE Product †¢? 3? VDIGIT COMBINATION PADLOCK brand DELSEY Endorser brand DELSEY SCHOOL Umbrella brand 1–CPT ROUND BACKPA CK 31 CM 1– GUSSET SCHOOL BAG LARGEPENCIL CASE DUO BOX LUNCH BAG 2–CPT PENCIL CASE PENCIL CASE DUO BOX VERTIC AL WPS TROLLE Y BACKPA CK HORIZO NTAL WPS TROLLE Y BACKPA CK 44 CM 2– GUSSET SCHOOL BAG 40 CM 2– GUSSET SCHOOL BAG 2–CPT ROUND BACKPA CK 17 Line brand Product Aoributes 18 Delsey Commitment to Quality †¢? DELSEY Luggage are subjected to rigorous tests of quality 1. Wheels 2. Shells 3. Shoulder and carry straps 4. Sliding closures 5. Buckle and metal parts ?nishes 19 Delsey Commitment to Quality (1) 1. Wheels - ­? Wheels are made to carry fully loaded luggage over 30 kilome ters of abrasive surfaces and obstacles e? Able to surmount such abrasive surfaces and obstacles and urable Being pulled down to the stairs Being pulled on the ?at ?oor 20 Delsey Commitment to Quality (2) 2. Shells - ­? the loaded suitcase is placed one meter above the ground. It is then dropped in 26 di? erent Places - ­? producing a total of 26 impacts. e? Ensure the luggage is not easy to be broken nor accidentally opened even fall down in a height 21 Delsey Commitment to Quality (3) 3. Shoulder and carry straps - ­? are tested by being raised/lowered several thousand Mmes. e? Ensure the luggage is durable for carrying 22 Delsey Commitment to Quality (4) 4. Sliding closures - ­? can be opened and closed 5,000 Mmes, the equivalent of 5 years’ ormal everyday use. Repeatedly being opened and closed for 5,000 Mmes e? To guarantee the zippers are durable and capable to cope with normal everyday use 23 Delsey Commitment to Quality (5) 5. Buckle and metal parts ?nishes -à ‚ ­? are subjected to extreme corrosive and weather condiMons to test resistance to rust. Fabrics have to pass tear resistance tests. e? Guarantee the luggage are durable in materials and surmount most environmental changes 24 Delsey – CODE SECURI TECH  § Every luggage that has a unique code or CODE SECURI TECH. †¢? registraMon on our partner’s site RegProtect, via DELSEY. com a? opMmizes your chances of ?nding lost luggage y using the Internet to put you in contact with the ?nder. a? Able to ?nd the luggage back even there is a mistake of being taken by others 25 Delsey – ZIP SECURI TECH †¢? Exclusive Delsey anM- ­? thea innovaMon †¢? Unique major technological revoluMon and innovaMve secure closure system †¢? Strength e? ciently combats risk of luggage 26 Delsey – Luggage Security Locks †¢? TSA LOCK †¢? Used by American TransportaMon Security AdministraMon (TSA) †¢? Allows the US authoriMes to check your luggage wi thout damaging it 27 Delsey – Luggage Security Locks COMBINATION LOCKS O Ensuring e? ecMve protecMon for personal belongings COMBINATION PADLOCKS O Can nsert on certain luggage in the middle zipper and pocket for extra security 28 Delsey’s Exclusive Design  § Delsey commitment to design and technology †¢? Delsey has its own design laboratory to develop exclusive [email  protected] and patents †¢? Every product created and designed in France, at the very curng edge of technology O Quality and magneMsm is guaranteed 29 Delsey – Individualism Luggage †¢? Customer can put on their favorite painMng or picture on the hardside luggage for free O Every Saturday and Sunday they will demonstrate in the 3 retail store at 12pm, 3pm and 6pm 30 Delsey – Guaranteed Warrants  § INTERNATIONAL WARRANT †¢? All DELSEY roducts are guaranteed 5 years †¢? Using high speci? [email  protected] materials and subjected to stringent quality controls †¢? Guarantees world- ­? wide †¢? Against any manufacturing defects under the terms of the condiMons described on the guarantee coupon inside the luggage. 31 Delsey – Ultra Light Weight †¢? Lightweight, the concern essenMal issue for all Delsey product †¢? Lightened up the average weight of a luggage by 1. 1kg to 2. 1kg for soa ranges and up to 1. 2 kg for its hard ranges O Fiber Lite (O? ering extreme lightness) O Lite Gloss (Lightness for hardside) O X’Pert Lite (ExperMse serving light weight) O Secur- ­? lite (Combining security, esilience and light weight) 32 Partnership - ­? Delsey Camera Bags †¢? In 2001, AGENA and DELSEY started the development of a camera bag collecMon - ­? called Delsey Camera Bags. 33 Partnership - ­? Delsey Camera Bags †¢? Inspired by the French Delsey styling, we developed a superb collecMon of bags ideally suited for photographic equipment. Each and every model of the Delsey camera bag collecMon has been carefully studied to saMsfy the photographers' speci? c requirements, such as extra padding, easy accessibility and opMmum carrying comfort, while maintaining that typical â€Å"French† touch of class. 34 Partnership - ­? Delsey Camera Bags †¢? Products nclude : BACKPACKS, BELT BAGS / POUCHES, NOTEBOOK CASES, SHOULDER BAGS, SWING BAGS, TROLLEY BAGS, ZOOMSTERS †¢? This cooperaMon help Delsey to expand their business to di? erent ?elds 35 Partnership - ­? Biztrails †¢? Delsey work with Biztrails. com which is operated by BCD Travel Germany. †¢? Biztrail. com provide travel informaMon to the consumer †¢? Biztrail. com will insert some informaMon of Delsey in the arMcles that introduce the places around the world. †¢? This cooperaMon help Delsey to reach the target consumer 36 Price of Delsey †¢? Price range of Delsey HKD$900- ­? $5,000 37 Delsey - ­? Distribution (Place) †¢? BouMque Store v Hysan Avenue

Analysis Harold and Kumar

This is what really sets â€Å"Harold and Kumar† apart not just from â€Å"Stoner films† or the entire Comedy genre, but from every film ever made. Casting two â€Å"minorities† in the leading roles. The opening scene involves two â€Å"higher ups†, who we assume are Harold’s bosses, at an accounting firm who are trying to get out of doing their work for a night out. They pass the work on to our unsuspecting Harold, who reluctantly accepts the new task load because his job was threatened. This opening scene sets up Harold’s personal problems that at the end of the ovie, he over comes. This scene cuts between multiple shots of Harold’s bosses standing over Harold, and Harold looking up at them. They loom over Harold, looking down on him as a workhorse that they can pass their work loads to. Harold sits in his chair looking up at his two bosses, bewildered and somewhat frightened to stand up for himself. His two bosses are dressed in black suits which communicates to the audience that they are not only dominant but authoritative and for lack of a better term, evil. They are the first protagonists we see in the film. As they blast out of the office parking lot in their convertible, they justify their actions by saying that â€Å"those Asian guys love crunching numbers†. We quickly get the response to this with a cut of Harold standing in the office looking out the window the speeding convertible, angrily saying â€Å"Fuck†. From this we cut to a scene of Kumar being interviewed for acceptance into a medical school program at an undisclosed prestigious university. Kumar blatantly doesn’t care about the interview, or as we discover later, becoming a doctor like his father wants him to be. Kumar sits in the interview dressed in a disheveled suit and slouches in his chair. From these two scenes we are introduced into the typical roles that normally see in Hollywood movies. The quiet Asian being pushed around and the Indian guy trying to become a doctor. Each time though we see the problems that the characters have with both of these situations, this is the side that we don’t normally see in films. Harold hates his job because he feels like he isn’t respected, it is also learned later in the film that he basically fell into his job because that’s just how it went. Until the end of the film when Harold begins to take charge and stand up for himself, the audience has no problem believing that Harold just went with the motions and became an accountant. Kumar on the other hand is basically Harold’s polar opposite, yin and yang type situation, and resists falling into his â€Å"natural† role in society of becoming a doctor even though he is obviously very skilled in the field, by living off his fathers money (who is a doctor) and spending most of his days smoking pot. Throughout the movie there are scenes where a character is presented with a problem that in some way relates to a stereotype about their ethnicity. The movie deals with this in a joking manner, but the best part is that the character encounters it in a positive manner. Take for instance the character of Kumar, after visiting his father working in the hospital he steals an access card to steal medical marijuana, in the process of locating the marijuana, the duo find scrubs to disguise themselves in and in a mix up are confused as surgeons who are to operate on a gun shot victim. Kumar’s â€Å"natural† ability in health and medicine allows him to successfully operate on the victim and save his life. This ends up being the turning point in the film for Kumar where he decides to stop resisting his father and the typical role society expects of Indians, and become a doctor. For Harold, his turning point occurs at the end of the film when he stands up for himself at his destination, white castle. His two bosses show up at the White Castles from their night out with a pair of women, their attire has changed slightly, one has shed his black coat and the other is completely disheveled in his suit. Harold stands now, face to face with both of his bosses with a visibly angry face. He confronts his bosses and lets them know that he won’t take their bullying any longer. The two men look scared and are speechless since they were caught in a lie and that Harold has literally stood up to them, a contrast from the first scene of the film. About halfway through the film there is a scene where Neil Patrick Harris has stolen the car and leave Harold and Kumar stranded. The two are attempting to walk across the street at a completely vacant intersection. Kumar urges Harold to just walk across and disregard the street sign because there is no one around. As Harold takes his first step to cross, he is stopped by a police officer. The officer harasses the two of them and in a sign of blatant racism, he mocks Kumar and Harold’s ethnicities by asking if they have strange names. He asks Kumar if his name has â€Å"like five O’s or two U’s†. At this scene Kumar stands up for himself by belittling the officer and telling him he was loser in high school and is still one now. Although the officer has a much bulkier body type than Harold and Kumar, Kumar still stands face to face with the officer, representing his courage to go against someone he knows could take him to jail. I have seen â€Å"Harold and Kumar go to White Castle† MANY times before this paper and usually only watched it as it was presented, I laughed at the funny parts and would promptly move on to something else. Until this paper I had never thought to consider the representations the film portrayed of Harold and Kumar. I had never even noticed that the two leading roles were â€Å"minority† ethnicities. The way the film acknowledges the stereotypes that come bundled with the two characters and destroys them whilst making a completely mockery of them is quite fascinating. One of the more interesting facts is that the film was written by two Jewish men, and directed by a Caucasian man. They obviously didn’t want to make a comedy like any other with a white lead, they casted two very different men together and made an incredibly successful film. The film has spawned two sequels and each did very well in the box office. I would personally love to see a film cast more â€Å"minority† ethnicities in the lead roles, not just comedies but every film genre. I think that day is not too far ahead. Rangwala, Shama. Issue 5: Film Reviews.   Scope. Http://www. scope. nottingham. ac. uk/. Web. 06 Mar. 2012. lt;http://www. scope. nottingham. ac. uk/filmreview. php? issue=5gt;.

The legend of Zelda Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The legend of Zelda - Research Paper Example The Nintendo game The Legend of Zelda and its main character, a boy named Link, are so well-known and recognized in the video game community as to be nearly iconic. The original title spawned a series of sequels, prequels, spin-offs, and derivative works. The main series alone, without counting the remakes on various systems, consists of over fourteen games. For many, the instrumental background music, character sprites, and especially the unique gold game cartridge for the original Legend of Zelda can still conjure up happy images from their childhoods. The game Legend of Zelda is so important to both the company of Nintendo and to video game development as a whole because it was such a revolution in video game design. The game allowed players to move around on the main map between screens in a non-linear fashion, forcing the player to determine where they should go next instead of clearly showing them. In addition, the game was filled with puzzles and traps that made the game â€Å"more puzzle than plaything†. The game also ended up establishing the now-popular game genre of â€Å"action-adventure†, a combination of the speed and reaction time skill sets required in action games with the longer story lines and plot development of adventure games. (Nintendo, 2010). Despite its success now, the development of Zelda was never a sure thing, and in fact was following a long and sometimes rocky history for the company Nintendo (Paumgarten, n.d.). Having established the importance of the game itself, the need for further un derstanding of the game's history becomes clear. This history is in three parts: the history of the gaming company Nintendo, the careers of game developer Shigeru Miyamoto and his team, and finally the specific game development for The Legend of Zelda. Through this analysis, we will see that it took this series of events to produce the revolutionary Zelda game. History of Nintendo The original Nintendo company was founded in 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi. Obviously, at that point they were not producing video games of any kind. Instead, the company was known for its intricate, hand-painted playing cards and other table game accessories. Well into the twentieth century, Nintendo also produced Japanese hanafuda, a word which literally translates to â€Å"flower cards†. These colorfully painted hanafuda were used as gambling chips, replacing an older tradition of using painted seashells to keep score in playing card games. Around the year 1949, when Fusajiro Yamauchi's grandson Hiro shi Yamauchi took over the company, Nintendo began producing electronic games and gadgets, in an attempt to diversify their product line. One of the more famous products they produced during this period is the infamous â€Å"Love Tester†, which supposedly shows if there is an attraction between two individuals squeezing the machines levers. Another product in this line from Nintendo was the Beam Gun, which was used in converted bowling alleys to shoot simulations of clay pigeons and was quite popular in Japan (Paumgarten, n.d.). It was not until the 1970s that Nintendo actually entered the video game market. Contrary to what some fans seem to believe, Nintendo did not produce the earliest video games. Those were designed by California-based Atari, the company behind the memorable games Pong and Space Invaders. These arcade games, and later the home console versions, quickly became a worldwide craze. Seeing an opportunity despite having no personal interest in video gaming, Hi roshi Yamauchi decided that his company would enter this potentially lucrative new market (Paumgarten, n.d.). The result was a stream of arcade cabinets for the commercial market. At current count, Nintendo has produced over ninety arcade titles. These included such classics as Duck Hunt and Mario Bros., but had other failed games that are significantly less well-known, such as Battle Shark and the arcade version of Radar

Calvinism and Ephesians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Calvinism and Ephesians - Essay Example It stands for Total depravity, Unconditional election, Limited atonement, Irresistible grace and the Perseverance of the saints. These Five Points were adopted by the Synod of Dordt (or Dordrecht), each point the subject of a chapter or head of the Canons of Dordt. According to the followers of Calvin, the Five Points "set forth clearly the biblical teaching on the sovereignty and particularity of the grace of God in salvation."1 Total depravity" is often mistaken to mean that humans are all hopelessly, intensely sinful. Actually, it means something quite different: as a result of Adam and Eve's disobedience to God -- the Fall of Man -- sin has extended to all parts of every person's being: "his thinking, his emotions and his will." Sometimes, this has been called "Total inability." This is the concept that it is impossible for the ordinary "natural" human to understand the Gospel's message. They are spiritually helpless. First, God must first decide to intervene in the form of the third personality within the Trinity, the Holy Spirit. Otherwise, the person is lost forever. 2 This is seen in Romans 5:12: "Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned" and in Mark 4:11: "And he said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables."3 Unconditional Election is the concept of predestination: that God has divided humanity into two groups. One group is "the elected." It includes all those whom God has chosen to make knowledgeable about himself. The rest will remain ignorant of God, and the Gospel. They are damned and will spend eternity in Hell without any hope of mercy or cessation of the extreme tortures. God made this selection before the universe was created, and thus before any humans existed. The ground or grounds that God uses to select the lucky few is unknown. What is known is that it is not through any good works on the part of the individual. It is not that he extends knowledge to some in order to find out who will accept salvation and who will not. There is a degree of tension within the Bible concerning precise division of responsibility between God and humans on this matter. The Bible does not resolve this issue. Hyper-Calvinists believe that a person has zero responsibility for their own salvation; it is all up to God. Arminians teach that humans have free will and thus can accept or resist the call of God.4 This is supported by Romans 9:15: "For he saith to

Basketball why is it my number one US best sports and different in Research Paper

Basketball why is it my number one US best sports and different in rules from NCCA - Research Paper Example The five players from each team may be on the court at one time and substitutions are unlimited though they can only be done when play is stopped. A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the hoop during regular play. A regulation basketball hoop consists of a rim 18 inches in diameter and 10 feet high mounted onto a backboard. Afield goal scores two points for the shooting team if a player is touching or closer to the hoop than the three point line while three points are scored if the player is outside the three-point line. The team with more points at the end of the game emerges the winners. It is evident that basketball is one of the best and most popular sports in the USA. It has taken a big role in shaping the cultures of many a people, the young and the old alike. One of the reasons making basket ball a popular sport is street basket ball, a spin-off basket ball played by millions of people. Street basket ball players are both females and males with the ages ranging between 5 and 65 years. Kids start familiarizing themselves with the sport at kindergarten levels. A person’s life as a street ball player usually takes many years as it doesn’t require much practice because it is played for fun (Mallon, 49). This introduction of boys and girls to basketball at such a young age has gone a long way in popularizing the game and in most cases street basket ball players proceed to becoming professionals in the sports. Another reason why basketball has been considered one of the most popular sports in USA is the roles played by the National Basketball Association. The NBA has engendered international interests in the sport and also involved the various USA teams in numerous league matches and thus adding growth to the sport. The NBA commitment in basketball world has played a major role in developing and

Critique of a research paper Quantitative design Essay - 1

Critique of a research paper Quantitative design - Essay Example The researchers aimed at examining the progress of the Motivate Programme; an exercise, behaviour change and nutrition guided management programme, in terms of how it could help the select group of overweight and obese participants improve their cardiovascular risk factors (Rutherford et al, 2014). The aims lay out what the reader has to expect, and provide a basis to evaluate consistency in a research process (Boaz and Ashby, 2003). Highlighting the credentials of authors proves their experience in a field, and offers credibility to research (Vance et al, 2013). The institutional affiliations of all participants were clearly indicated in the article. Credibly, they were all affiliated to leading institutions in the United Kingdom. However, the educational attainments of the authors were not listed. The article was published in the journal Soccer and Society, a relatively new, peer reviewed journal database with a growing readership and specific focus on sociological, financial and scientific matters of soccer. A database that does not offer peer reviews has lower regard in the scholarly world, since evidence for clarification of the research process is a necessity for quality control (Rafols et al, 2012). Rychetnik et al. (2002) noted that the abstract should clearly summarize the main sections of an article. The abstract is clearly and systematically outlined to provide highlights of every major part of the article; the background, aims, methods, results and conclusion. A strong justification was offered to explain why they carried out the research, noting that the unique approach of the research (soccer-based exercises, unlike mere walking and running used in many research studies; and the location of recruitment). No clear research questions were provided to guide the research. Research questions are an important step in guiding readers of an article through the transition from the aims to the results. As such, sufficiency of research

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 32

Case Study Example Talent and succession planning has become an important area of focus as far as organizational leadership is concerned. Many business organizations are coming up with ways of ensuring that they develop among their current staff, which is able to steer them through the changing times to make the organizations successful. This paper examines how the process of talent and succession planning in organizations is taking shape, using the case study of Apple inc., a technology giant in the United States and the world at large. Talent management as used in most multinational organizations refers to the process of implementing systems and strategies that are properly designed and integrated in order to create and enhance the productivity and efficiency of employees. This process can only be achieved through attracting, developing, retaining employees that have aptitudes and skills for meeting current needs and those in future for the business. Talent management can also be described as the chief driver of organizational performance and success by ensuring that the top management is able to have employees that can take on the changing roles and functions in the company. Research reports have indicated that about 85% of all human resource managers in organizations are of the view that one of the greatest obstacles to effective workforce leadership and management is the creation and maintenance of an organisation ability to compete for talent (Cohn, Khurana & Reeves 276). This understanding means that talent management is being ranked as a practice that bears a strategic advantage for companies, especially in these changing times for businesses. Therefore, one of the main functions of effective leadership is to ensure that businesses are better placed create a workforce that will always be there for the present and future success of the company. In response towards the rapidly changing business environment, organizational leaders are supposed to have a

GETTING FINANCING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GETTING FINANCING - Essay Example As the name suggests, debt financing is borrowing money from some financial institutions, usually a bank, which you will have to repay after a certain period with interest. Entrepreneurs may borrow money for short term, which means for less than a year. Usually short-term loans are for financing working capital requirements, operational activities, filling the gaps in accounts receivables and inventory (Horne & Wachowicz, 2008). On the other hand, long-term loans, which are for more than one year, are usually the ones that entrepreneurs usually look for to finance their assets, capital, land, buildings, machinery and other costs of starting a business venture. Clearly, debt financing has certain advantages. Firstly, the interest that is paid on these loans is tax deductible thus providing a tax advantage (Bygrave & Zacharakis, 2010). Secondly, as we will see that equity financing provides a part of ownership in the business to its financers, however, the same is not the case with debt financing. Lenders, unlike shareholders, do not get any ownership in the business and thus the entrepreneur retains the sole control of the business (Shim & Siegel, 2008). Thirdly, the entrepreneur usually will get many options with regard to the maturity time and the amount of interest payable per month or per year. Lastly, compared with equity financing, debt financing is less hassle and less time consuming, whereas it may take months for someone to appear on a stock exchange list and getting enough shareholders (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2008). However, the disadvantages of debt financing are significant as well. Firstly, unexpected changes in interest rates due to economic downturns, at times, create a disaster for borrowers (Horne & Wachowicz, 2008). Moreover, even if these economic downturns of macro environment events fail to alter the revenue and

Gloal corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Gloal corporate strategy - Essay Example It has been estimated that Asia will witness the highest growth in the retail food market. To become market leaders, Walmart, Carrefour and Tesco have adopted several innovation strategies which have ultimately helped them to become global leaders. Walmart’s growth under the leadership of Lee Scoot needs special mention as the company has made significant breakthroughs after he became the company’s CEO in 2000. Kapner S., February 2009, Changing Of The Guard At Wal-Mart, Cable News Network: A Time Warner Company, [Online], Available: http://money.cnn.com/2009/02/17/news/companies/kapner_scott.fortune/index.htm, [2 May 2009] 21 The Unending Woes Of Lee Scott, January 2007, Cable News Network: A Time Warner Company, [Online], Available: http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/01/22/8397972/ , [2 May 2009] 23 Carrefour has grown to become one of the global food retail giants by expanding both domestically and internationally. It started off by entering into joint ventures with the local companies. The company was the first to introduce the concept of hypermarkets and its first international foray was marked by setting hypermarkets in Brazil in the year 1975. (Holtreman A, n.d). Carrefour and Promodes merged forces in 1999 to form the largest food retailer within Europe. This merger made them the second largest global retailer with their presence stretched to cover almost 26 countries. (Merger Carrefour – Promodà ¨s, n.d.) This merger promised to have an overall beneficial effect on the business of the two merged entities. The aftereffects of the merger were supposed to benefit the stakeholders of the company at large. Suppliers would be able to reap the advantages of increased export opportunities and customers would be able to get their hands on an array of new products. This deal was mainly drafted by Carrefour to save itself from falling prey to Walmart, the leading US food retail giant, as the latter

Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center Essay Example for Free

Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center Essay Hello, Im here today to talk to you all about work experience. I can see a few anxious faces when I mention the words work experience, but I hope that my talk today will change that. Incase some of you are not exactly sure what work experience is, its a placement that you personally choose yourself, and than you will go there for a period of two weeks. I now it might seem a long time, two weeks but when youre there time just flays, and itll be worth it. And if youre lucky you might decide what you would like to do in the future from this experience, you never know!! Getting a placement is quite straight-forward you know. Well it does depend on were youre thinking of going. You can either phone them, e-mail them or send them a letter. What I did was phone them because I believe this was the most affective way and this way you are also able to find out more necessary information. All I had to do after I phoned was go and visit my placement to get to know everyone and to get to know the building. The day before I started on my work experience I was very anxious, but at the same time I was looking forward. So dont worry if you have similar feelings before you start your work experience because theyre just normal. The only advise I can give you is that you have an early night before you start your work experience so youll be rearing to go the next morning. Also on your first day you should make sure that you arrive at your placement right on time, so you make a good impression to your co-workers and employer. Its also important that you have a reliable transport. I was very lucky with my transport because my mum passed my placement on the way to her work, and it was very convenient. I went to Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center for my two weeks. I was very anxious before I got there each morning because I had no idea what was in store for me. The whole experience wasnt half as bad as I had predicted, I hope your outcome at the end of your work experience will be the same as well. Where I went on my work experience I didnt really have a typical day. Each day I did something different, sailing, canoeing, canoeing, climbing, hill trails and gorge walks. I arrived at the center at 8am each morning, then I had to make sure that all the children that were in my group had packed all the necessary kit they needed for the day. The we would all gather in the canteen, and make our lunches ready for the busy day that we had planned in front of us. Then we would all set off in our individual group and head towards our activity location. I had so much fun from my experience at Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center, and I found out a lot about myself. I do hope that you will choose a suitable placement for yourself and gain a lot of experience and knowledge. I sure did, and this whole experience will always stay with me. I dont have to tell you how much I enjoyed my work experience, because Im sure you can imagine. There was nothing I really disliked about my work experience, well the hours were a bit long, because twice a week I had to be there from 8am till 9pm, which I believe was a very long shift, but that didnt bring me down the slightest bit more enjoyable. The whole experience at Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center has definitely helped me choose what I would like to do in the future. This is an ideal work I would love to do when Im older. I found out that Im able to work with people from all ages and I truly enjoy working with children because you are able to see all the progress they have done and youre able to see the amazement on the childrens faces when they achieve a new skill. When I help people I get a warm feeling in my heart. I wish you all the best for the future, and I hope that my talk today has reassured you all, and you have a better incline of what to expect when youll be starting work experience in couple of weeks time. And I truly do hope that you will have two fantastic weeks at your placements, and try your best to enjoy them. Thank-you for listening to my talk today, and I hope that I have helped some of you, and you now know a little bit more of what youre in for. All the best to every single one of you. And thank-you for being such a good audience.

Social Insurance Essay Example for Free

Social Insurance Essay Social insurance funded programs include Social Security, Workmen’s compensation, Medicare, and unemployment benefits. Each of these programs is funded by a portion of a person’s check. A certain amount is taken out of each check and put in an â€Å"account† for future use. Some of these programs even include a match payment made by the employer. This is mostly used for Social Security. The benefits from each of these programs are used in the event of a future time of unemployment. The benefits from Social Security are used when a person is old enough to retire. Workmen’s compensation benefits are available to workers that have been hurt upon the job and are no longer able to work for a certain amount of time. Benefits that are available when a person is unemployed are only available if the person is terminated by no fault of their own. I have found that there is one major drawback to social insurance, the growth in our population. With an increase in population and a decrease in the job market, it is harder for people to go back to work when they have been laid off. Our economy at this point is still unstable. With more and more workers joining the workforce each day and our jobs being sent overseas it is easy to see the drawback to social insurance programs. The one drawback for Social Security according to Chambers Wedel (2005) is that if we are to make it to the projected year of 2040, those who are in workforce will be forced to provide a higher amount of money out of their checks. I feel that any drawback related to social insurance funding is based upon the growth in population and the decrease in our economy.

Explaining the change management at British Airways

Explaining the change management at British Airways This report focuses on explaining the change management at corporations. It includes the example of British Airways that has once successfully applied change management in their corporation. Change Management is the concept organizations apply in order to deal systematically with change. When British Airways was formed after its merger, it wasnt doing well. This was mainly because of the cultural and status differences of the employees of the corporations that were merged. There was no leadership and the company lacked the required competence to deal with the emerging problems. In order to deal with that dilemma it was decided to appoint a new Chairperson and Lord King was appointed. He later on, appointed King Marshall as the Chief Executive. Both the leaders knew that change was needed within the company. They saw that valuable resources were being wasted, company was working inefficiently, cultures differences existed, needs of the customers were not identified correctly and attitudes within the company were to be changed. They took major change management steps and came up with different programs and strategies to deal with the situation. It was made sure that the employees are fully supported during the process of change and needs of everyone are catered. Hence, a successful change management was implemented that helped the company to come out of crisis and emerge as a strong competitor in the airline industry. Introduction: Change Management is a word heard often now in most of the corporations. It has been around for a while now, but is famous in corporations that are interested in initiating a change to their processes which includes both culture and work tasks. Change management is defined commonly as employed set of the processes to ensure that considerable changes are implemented in a systematic, controlled and orderly fashion to result in organizational change. (Hiatt Creasey 2003) Five principles of Change: While implementing change management there are five basic principles that the managers need to keep in mind: Different people tend to react in a different way to the change. Everyones fundamentals needs are to be met. Change also involves loss at times and people need to go through the loss curve. The expectations of all are to be met in a realistic way. Fears of all are to be dealt with. Organizational Change Management: According to organizational change management both the tools used by managers and the processes are to be taken into consideration. Mostly organizations want the change to be implemented with least resistance. For this to happen change must be implemented with a structured approach so that the transition of one behavior to another is as smooth as possible. Managements Role in the Organizational change: It is the responsibility of the management to spot out the behaviors and processes that are not proficient and come up with new ones that are more effective for the organization. Once these changes have been identified, managers should estimate the impact it will have on the organization and its employees. Management should also assess the reaction of employees to the implemented change and try to understand the reaction as well. It is the job of the management to completely support their workers through the process of change. Finally the management should help employees to accept these changes and help them to adjust well and effectively once the changes are implemented. (Hiatt Creasey 2003) British Airways: British Airways is the flag carrier airline for the United Kingdom with its head quarters in Waterside. The main hub of British Airline is at the Heathrow Airport of London; its second hub is at Gatwick Airport and the third one is at London City Airport which is served through BA CityFlyer a fully owned subsidiary of British Airways. British Airlines happens to be the largest airline of UK on the basis of its international flights and destinations and their fleet size. In the year 1971 British Airways board was formed to manage the two airline corporations, BEA and BOAC, and relatively two smaller regional airlines Northeast Airlines from Newcastle and Cambrian Airways from Cardiff. But in the year 1974 all these airlines were dissolved to form one major airline British Airways (BA). The airline was created aiming at being the worldwide network and achieving economies of scale. The merger of these airlines resulted in 50,000 staff members and 215 aircraft, which are considered to be grossly overstaffed along with many levels incompatible management structure. Problems were being created because of the cultural differences between the airlines along with a class distinction amongst the staff members. When the middle oil crisis arrived in the world and resulted in reduction of market, it left the already overstaffed BA airline with massive losses, a very poor service reputation and 20,000 potential redundancies. The union was so strong in the company that it made difficult for the company to take any remedial measures. By the year 1980 the fleet was downsized to 174 aircrafts but still the company was loosing money at the rate of  £200 pounds per minute. With the government supporting the company, there was no internal urgency for the change to take place and outside competition to be adapted. (Lundy Cowling 1996) By the year 1981 British Airways appeared to be a failing company making multimillion pound losses. It gained the reputation of being a major international airline giving the worst service. The only solution than was seen to make a change in the culture of the staff. For 13 years it remained a nationalized company and in February 1987 it became privatized as a plan of the conservative government of that time. Major Problems being faced after the merger: When British Airways was formed after the merger it faced a number of problems and issues. Main problem was encountered in terms of the culture differences of the companies. When the members of organizations belonging to different and diverse cultures interact with each other and one of the cultures is required to adapt the practices and methods of another culture it results in disruptive tensions. Same situation took place between he employees of BEA and BOAC the two emerging industries of that time. This problem can be explained as a culture clash or acculturative stress. Another issue arrived in terms of the management system being imposed in the company. BA implemented a very inflexible, preoccupied and hierarchical management system creating status differences which was also evident from their uniforms. The company also had problems being rule oriented. The new management had problems in identifying and addressing the needs of their customers. The company emphasized more on their inward looking management approach and on maintaining their various routes and all this resulted in customers being unsatisfied. Change in direction: In the year 1979 Mrs. Thatchers new conservative government took the decision to privatize the airline. At that time the European airline market was developed majorly and most of the airlines were state owned. A whole process was put in place for the privatization of airline. Eight years of time was taken to make it happen, stand on its own feet and emerge to succeed as a commercial body. This included a whole process of culture change and cost cutting. Hence the different models of change process were being applied in the form of Theory O (through focusing on changing the behavior and culture) and Theory E (through cost cutting). Because of the restructuring of the airline there was a reduction in the number of routes served, the college of air training was closed, catering operations were transferred to outside contractors and property interests were divested. (Horner Swarbrooke 2004) The airline was shown to be a peasant class of travel and showing general subservience to the pressures of trade unions. However, the internal studies showed that jobs of the managers of highly specialized, communications in between the departments were highly poor and technically the airline was bankrupt. Major management changes were being considered in order to change this reputation of poor services. This was known to be the change management which is incorporating change in to the working systems so that the company becomes more efficient is satisfying the needs of customers or clients. This served as a basis for the appointment of Lord King as chairman and as Chief Executive King Marshall was appointed in the year 1980. Hence, first change took place in the form of leadership change where these leaders with their authority, later on made organizational changes. When this Chairperson started working, noticed that a lot of valuable resources were being wasted and the company was working inefficiently. In order to make the company more profitable, it was decided to restructure the whole organization and change methodology change management plan was seen as the best way to do that. Measures of Change Management: The second most important change took place at the group level in the form of operational change when it was identified by the leaders that there was inefficiency existing in the system. Measures like reducing staff level and cut in production costs were taking place and this change can be classified as fine-tuning. (i.e. Scale Type 1 of Dunphy and Stace (1993)). The company started decreasing their workforce very systematically. But before doing so, through the change management leadership of the chairperson, Lord King gave reasons for the privatization and restructuring so that the employees get prepared for the up coming changes. (Horner Swarbrooke 2004) In order to investigate the ways of improving customer service in the year 1983 a steering group was established in the British Airways. It was identified that for British Airways offering customer service is the key cornerstone in the market place. Two courses of actions were then recommended by the steering group which changed the way the company decisions were made. A marketing policy group was created for the re-organization of the company. Also, by the name of Putting People First a program of courses was employed throughout the whole organization. This program was aimed at improving self image, to achieve the greatest possible standards of customer care and to change attitude towards the external and internal customers. Another program with the name of Managing People First covering the perception of the contact staff and their managers was started. (Lundy Cowling 1996) After identifying the inward looking rigid culture existing at the top of management hierarchy, the Chief Executive appointed a new top management team whose job was to strength customer oriented culture within the company. Transformation in the management, culture, strategy and operations took place on a large scale. These changes were both organizational and strategic. An external audit company conducted a two way audit that covered the perception of customers of the services being offered by BA. The frontline employees were awarded with the required authority and also the information to deal with the customers. The process was started by eliminating layers of the management structure and emphasize from divisional was changed to a functional structure. The personnel function was restructured by Marshall and for the mammoth task ahead a human resource department was created. To give a break from the old BA image Chief Executives two main image fronts which were the uniforms of customer contact staff and the company livery, were improvised. (Lundy Cowling 1996) But changing external face is never enough so attitudes within the company were to be changed. Time Management International designed a training program for BA in order to respond to the needs identified in the audit. The final step and the logical step which was taken was linking performance with pay. Strong leaders were recruited as a part of the change management. The segmentation policies were clearly defined and these were targeted in well developed branding programs. (Horner Swarbrooke 2004) All the actions can be seen as an amalgamation of both planning (revolutionary) and incremental (evolutionary) change. The evolutionary change is seen valuable in the short to medium term and revolutionary in the long term. These changes emerged to work for the company in the form of delivering excellent service and quality to the customers and developing relationships with them and in the long run the company appeared to be the largest airline for UK. (Clarke 2001) Stakeholders Analysis: In order to facilitate the stakeholders during the process of change the leaders gave their full support and time. The Chief executive and the Chairperson acted as the change agents for the company. The heavy support from the top management (Marshall attended a number of staff and management programs and spent 20% of his time in this activity) and the continued training softened the harsh impact of cultural and organizational change. Although this change was bumpy incremental as there were staff cuts this type of change is called Adaptation by Balogun and Hope-Hailey (2004). As a part of the cultural change program two days were given to the employees and five to the managers. Around 40,000 of the workforce were put through this program and this was fully supported through evaluation and compensation in the form of bonus payments. (Clarke 2001) The leadership style here was democratic and the leader Other supported measures included, action groups, updated performance management, implementing total quality management (TQM), educational seminars and the staff newspaper British Airways News. (Lundy Cowling 1996) Success of the Change Management: The main objectives of imposing the changes were to become competitive in the airline industry and survive in the market place. The changes which were implemented by British Airways helped it to become more customer oriented by delivering excellent services and quality to the customers. Also, these changes helped the company to improve their relationship with the employees as well as the relationship of the employees with the customers. The expensive and time consuming investments which were a part of the change taking place also paid off when the company won in the year 1989 the award of Worlds Best Airline which is a prestigious business traveler award. The company after changes became more competitive in the UK market. The implemented human resource management and the strategies served as a basis to help the company emerge as a strong competitor in the airline industry. (Lundy Cowling 1996) The company achieved reduction in their costs through savage labor cuts, concentrating on key strategic business areas and slimming down of the business. All the moves taken by the company and the programs being conducted resulted in revue of the management structure. The overall age profile of the team was decreased and only those were chosen having entrepreneurial abilities. The major aspect of success for the airline was their marketing strategies. Some of these were campaign of the Advertiser of the year, Fly the Flag and We take more care of you promotion, Red eye advertisement etc. All this and much more helped the company to come out of the difficult times. (Horner Swarbrooke 2004) Conclusion: The leadership of the company directed it through difficult times by applying a change management in the company. British Airways still happen to be the major global airline but now its reputation is declining. This can be because of the inappropriate decisions taken by the management, but mostly it reflects the hard times and the difficult business environment that exits for all the airline companies. The management again aims at implementing new strategies and programs within the company through a marketing communication in order to create a better image. Also, the current management realizes the need of leadership and entrepreneurial competence which could wipeout all the problems from the company. For the company to fully run again on the track of success the management should identify the problems existing within the company. They should try to resolve the issues and come up with effective change management programs that can again benefit the company.

My Adventure with Drugs :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Adventure with Drugs My brother David decided one afternoon that he was going to take me on an adventure. He came to this decision after smoking pot and watching the Disney version of Alice in Wonderland. I, being a child of nine, thought it sounded fun. My parents weren't home and my brother was supposed to be watching me. Mom and Dad usually didn't like me going too far from the house when they weren't there. That's why I questioned was how long it would take. â€Å"We'll be back before they get home,† he told me. That sounded good to me. I said I'd go with him. We started off by walking over the hills and crossing the stream in the cow pasture that's across the road from my house. I showed him the group of trees near the far end of the field that was over grown and full of vines to swing on and logs to hide behind. I told him I called it Sherwood Forrest. It seemed like great news to him because he acted very excited, but to my disappointment we did not stop there. It seems that my brother had a destination in mind. We left the pasture and crossed through the corner of the forested ridges that begin around my house. We followed a path that my neighbor used to ride her horse on. We walked through freshly turned fields and grassy ones that had no productive purpose. Finally after all of the open land we ran into an obstacle. The obstacle is called route 283. My brother and I hopped the fence that is meant to keep people and animals away from the highway. It wasn't until my brother climbed the embankment and had a leg over the metal barrier set up to keep cars from crashing into the ditch I stood in that I had enough courage to ask him a question.

History of rock and roll music outline :: essays research papers

History of the rock music industry Introduction: I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How has an industry grown to become a 32 billion dollars a year machine? II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ill tell ou how, by scouting new talents from each and every corner of the world to bring us the music that each of us desires. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is the recording industry which even though their sales have been steadily declining due to internet piracy it is still an industry which has great importance in our lives. As college students alone spend about 450 million dollars on music, according to Harris Interactive a worldwide market research and consulting firm. Ever since the birth of recorded music, it has defined our eras and defined each and every one of us. Music has been and always will be the soundtrack of our lives. IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today I will try and familiarize you with the great changes this business has gone through. V.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To make this short I will start in the 50’s the golden age of rock and roll, continue to the 60’s with beatlemania, on to the 70’s with disco and punk rock, then the 80’s on through today. Body: I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First I will start by discussing the various genres that created rock music in the 50’s and 60’s. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rhythm and Blues 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Their influences II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second I will tell you with more detail the numerous events of the 60’s that shaped the way the music industry was ran and the way rock music sounded. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Beatles, and other pop acts and their influence. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The shift of interest towards profits instead of creativity in the Industry. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The emergence of counter pop movements. D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Record labels look to capitalize on these movements. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Third I will discuss the seventies. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Folk rock and other sub-genres B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Disco C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Punk rock and its deviance from major record companies IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fourth and last I will talk about the eighties on through today, and how this industry morphed into what it is today. A. The beginnings of rap. B. â€Å"Hair Bands† C. Grunge (Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden†¦) D. Hip – Hop and music today. Conclusion: I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I now come to an end of explaining the changes the music industry has gone through from the fifties on through today. The fifties with its rhythm and blues that gave way to rock and roll, the sixties with the rise of big record labels and their attention shifting more towards pop music that would drive their profits sky high. The seventies with the advent of what we now know as rock.

George Orwells Animal Farm :: George Orwell Animal Farm Essays

George Orwell's Animal Farm Introduction:Animal Farm is a short story written by George Orwell in 1945. He had a lot of difficulty getting it published due to its underlying criticism of the political situation in Russia at the time. The story takes place on a farm somewhere in England. The owner of the farm, Mr.Jones, comes into conflict with the animals. The animals rebel, and finally scare him away. Two of the strongest animals, Napoleon and Snowball (two pigs), think that they can run the farm. Napoleon: Both Napoleon and Snowball felt that they should both be leaders in the early stages of the Revolution. Snowball had many ideas about how the Farm should be run but he came into conflict with Napoleon over many of them. Napoleon, was a shrewd pig who could see that he could not carry on working with Snowball. This was shown when the two of them could not agree on the building of a windmill.When it looked as though Snowball might win the arguement, Napoleon "uttered a high-pitched whimper of a kind no one had ever heard him utter before" and the vicious dogs ran in and attacked Snowball and ran him off the farm. Eventually Napoloeon won and the windmill was built, and soon after Napoleon ran Snowball off the farm. In order to make sure that he would stay leader in the future, Napoleon told the animals that Snowball was against them and was friendly with the old farm owner, Mr.Jones. The similarity between Napoleon and Joseph Stalin (the Russian leader), is very clear. Without being elected both became leaders, surrounding themselves with powerful guards (the dogs in the case of Napoloeon), living in luxury while the workers were forced to work hard. At first Napoleon seemed to be a good leader, but very quickly became greedy and power-mad, causing conflict among the animals. As in Russia, the idea of Socialism soon changed to a virtual dictatorship, with Napoleon ordering animals to build and work while he sat around. When some of the other animals decided that he should no longer be a leader, Napoleon set the dogs on them and had them slaughtered. He had become power mad, going totally against the ideas of socialism, and ruling through fear, as did Stalin. As time went on, he became like Mr.Jones, caring for himself without thinking about the others, which was partly the reason for the original Revolution. Food rations were under his control, making sure that he got plently but the animals got just enough to keep them working. Soon after the Revolution the animals got together to make seven commandments that they should all stick to, but Napoleon slowly

Musical instrument Essay

Trumpet The trumpet or cornet is the smallest and highest member of the brass family. As with all brass instruments, the sound is produced by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece. Clarinet The clarinet is a musical instrument of woodwind type. The name derives from adding the suffix -et (meaning little) to the Italian word clarino (meaning a type of trumpet), as the first clarinets had a strident tone similar to that of a trumpet. The instrument has an approximately cylindrical bore, and uses a single reed. In jazz contexts, it has sometimes been informally referred to as the â€Å"licorice stick.†[1] French horn A wind instrument usually of the lip-reed class. Horns for signalling have been made from conch shells, wood, animal horns etc as well as metal. Horns capable of many notes usually consist of a conical brass tube in a curved, coiled or folded shape. This article is concerned with the European orchestral horn, or french horn. Cello The cello is a string instrument and a member of the violin family. It is a wonderful instrument for a child to learn at an early age. It is the most versatile of the string instruments The viola is similar in material and construction to the violin but is larger in size and more variable in its proportions. A â€Å"full-size† viola’s body is between one and four inches longer than the body of a full-size violin (i.e., between 15 and 18 inches (38 and 46 cm)), with an average length of about 16 inches (41 cm). Small violas made for children typically start at 12 inches (30 cm), which is equivalent to a half-size violin Violin The violin is the smallest member of the string family. Sound is produced by drawing the bow across one of the four strings or by plucking the string with a finger. Flugelhorn Flugelhorns have a short, wide mouthpiece; three or four valves; and a flared bell. They range in size from bass instruments with wider bores (the bore is the inside diameter of the tubing) to small soprano horns in f or e flat. Tuba tuba is the largest and lowest pitched brass instrument. Sound is produced by vibrating or â€Å"buzzing† the lips into a large cupped mouthpiece. It is one of the most recent additions to the modern symphony orchestra, first appearing in the mid-19th century, when it largely replaced the ophicleide. Trombone he trombone is a member of the brass family. As with all brass instruments, the sound is produced by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece. A unique feature of the trombone is the slide. While other brass instrument change pitches by pressing valves to change the length of the air flow, the trombone player simply moves the slide in and out to the change the length of the instrument.

External audit on Carnival Corporation

When considering what type of environment analysis to do certain things should be taken into consideration this is do to with the fact that different industries will have different requirement. For example Carnival in a multinational company so it may be more concerned with political issues then local customer perceptions or the customer demographics. Johnson & Scholes (1999), David (2001) and Lynch (2000) all agree that organisations or managers should adjust and change according to an environment analysis. Mullins (1999), Johnson & Scholes (1999) and Lynch (2000) all agree that a good starting point for an external analysis would be the ‘PEST' analysis. ‘PEST' means political, economic, socio-cultural and technological (see appendix 1). The PEST analysis is only a very general analysis of the external environment. This is why another audit should be used to â€Å"inform and guide analysis† (Johnson & Scholes, 1999: 104). If a company wants to plan for the future Johnson & Scholes (1999), Lynch (2000) and Mintzberg, Ahlstrand & Lampel (1998) all agree that the ‘scenario planning' is all about the long term. Johnson & Scholes (1999) and Lynch (2000)' agree it is one way to help companies looking into the future. One thing that companies must understand is that â€Å"scenarios are concerned with peering into the future, not predicting the future† (Lynch, 2000: 111) Scenario planning is about considering factors that could affect the company for example if there was a terrorist attack in the future on one of the Carnival cruise liners. What steps could be taken to prevent the attack or to make sure that the customers are safe? In all industries customers are the ones that buy the product or use the service this may be other companies or the general public. This is why analysing the customers and market segmentation is very important. It is important for organisations to understand that customers â€Å"have different characteristics and needs† (Johnson & Scholes, 1999: 129). Lynch (2000) states that there are three important issues that should be conceded when analysing the organisations customers. The first is to identify the organisation customers and market. The second is its segmentations and its strategic implications. The final one is the role of the customer service and quality. Porter's Five Forces model (see appendix 2) is a more in-depth analysis of an organisation it focuses more on strategy so companies can develop opportunities and protect them self from threats. The five forces are: 1. The bargaining power of suppliers; 2. The bargaining power of buyers; 3. The threat of potential new entry; 4. The threat of substitutes; 5. The extent of competitive rivalry. (Lynch, 2000:125) One of the best ways to describe Porter's Five Forces Model is: â€Å"†¦ a high force can be regarded as a threat because it is likely to reduce profit. A low force, in contrast, can be viewed as an opportunity because it may allow the company to earn greater profits.† (Wheelen & Hunger, 1998: 61) It is argued that customers are the most important part of the business: â€Å"Customers demand satisfaction and expect more. It is no longer sufficient to merely satisfy customers They need to be delighted, both internally and Externally.†(Mullins, 1999: 869) This is why customer analysis is so important to Carnival with out any customers the company would not generate any revenue. One thing that they do know it that the disposable income of young couples and families has increased over the last fifty years. What they are trying to do it tell the target market that cruising is an alternative vacation available for everyone. Carnival believes that 93 percent of North Americans have not taken a cruise at some stage. This gives then a target of almost 100 percent of North Americans that they can attract, to go on one of their cruises. This is due to the fact that they can try and attract the people that have already been on a cruise. Carnival is the first modern Cruise Company and tries to promote its ships as ‘fun ships'. With a price that can compete with land based vacation resorts. This is why they are the leaders and innovators of the cruising industry. They know that the cruising industry have three main market segments. The first is contemporary then premium and finally luxury this is why they have entered into all three market segments. One thing that is very important to Carnival is the customer service that they provide. As well as a high level of service they want to offer a product that will attract the customers. This is why they offer a package that will allow passengers to stop at exotic ports of call as well as a premier restaurant service. What they are trying communicate is that the ship is not just a means of transport but the vacation it self and the ports of calls are bonuses for the customers. This is why they offer such entertainment as live music, dancing, night-clubs, movies as well as a casino this is the entertainment in the evenings. Carnival wants to offer a high level of service this is why their holidays start when you bags are tagged for the ship. After that moment you would not need to pick your bags up because it would be delivered to your cabin. When on board waiter on the ship will offer you drink while they help you to find your way around. With a restaurant service that could rival any top land based restaurant in terms of variety in food and wine. With this sort of service they can keep on attracting the customers that in turn create the profits that the organisation wants.

Did all Americans benefit from the boom in the 1920’s? Essay

The USA had massive industries and had lots of natural recourses. The post First World War boom started for a number of different reasons particularly the rise of new industries and new methods of industrialisation. It led the world in new technologies. It developed technology such as automobiles, telephones, and electrical appliances. America sold to Europe as well as to a domestic market and therefore national wealth grew. Henry Ford’s car plants employed many workers to assemble the cars, and many more were employed in supply industries such as steel, leather, glass and rubber. In addition there were thousands of people working in road construction for the cars to run on. Because of general prosperity many people could now buy products on credit or borrow money from the banks easily. Many of the Americans believed that they had a right to prosper; they wanted to have a nice house, a job and lots of food. People believed that the best way of life was to spend as much money as possible. The First World War also contributed to the boom, other countries who had borrowed money started to pay some of the money they owed with interest. Europe imported goods from America to help build up their own economies. The older industries such as coal, leather and textiles didn’t do to well. Coal had competition from oil and electricity which was being used at a bigger rate than coal. Leather and textiles didn’t have much competition from other countries but there was competition from man made materials. Also there was competition from the Southern States were the labourers were paid less for longer hours. The growth of industry made it worse for the ordinary people because they weren’t needed to do they’re jobs anymore because their jobs were taken over by machines which could do the work in half the time. 32% percent of America’s income went richest 5% of the population, 10% percent of the income was shared out between the poorest 42% of the people. The unemployed people included many of the poor whites but there was a bigger majority of unemployed blacks and Hispanic immigrants. Approximately 42% of Americans now lived below the poverty line and they didn’t even have enough money to buy food, clothing, housing, heating or any of the bare necessities for their families. Even though many of these people could not afford to buy products, the amount of goods had doubled. The farming industries were hit quite badly too. There was competition between the efficient Canadian farmers in the north who were importing wheat at much cheaper prices so America rather brought from them. America had also put tariffs onto exports and therefore Europe weren’t importing as much produce as they used to. There were many rural banks that went bankrupt because farmers weren’t getting enough money back to pay the banks. Another factor was that the population in America was falling and therefore there was less demand for the produce and there was tons of wheat that no one wanted. The farmers were producing enough food for exporting and for the country but there weren’t enough people to eat all of the food. There was enough food for the farmers and fourteen other families. At this time many Because of the introduction of technology and machinery less labourers were needed and in the 1920’s six million rural Americans were unemployed. These people didn’t have the right expertise to be employed in the cities. Three quarters of a million blacks were also unemployed when they lost their jobs on the farms. In conclusion, we can see that the boom did not bring prosperity to all. Rather, while the urban population, in particular those involved in the new industries as well as the middle classes generally certainly benefited during the ‘boom years’, the rural population particularly in the grain belt suffered as a result of over production and shrinking markets.

Racism and imperialism Essay

Our new global â€Å"frontiers† or â€Å"contact zones† come into view more noticeably in the Black Atlantic that links African Americans with West Africans in W. E. B. Du Bois’s and Zora Neale Hurston’s twentieth-century narratives and thus far still proposes the boundaries separating Euro-American from African-American cultural traditions in the United States. W. E. B. DuBois’s The Souls of Black Folk All through his long career and its many different phases, W. E. B. Du Bois continually criticized the United States for following imperialist aims both at home and abroad. He as well is one of the few modern American thinkers to recognize U. S. imperialism to be different from earlier forms of Eurocolonialism and to antedate significantly the Spanish-American War. For Du Bois, U. S. imperialism initiates in slavery and depends on racism to legitimate colonial practices of territorial conquest, economic power, and psychological defeat. Du Bois understands U. S. slavery to be particularly modern, to the extent that it is footed on particular racial distinctions he argues were unknown in earlier forms of serfdom and enslavement. He may well agree regarding the persistence of human unkindness throughout history, however he sees it deployed in a different way in the modern period. In the modern work of colonial domination and its methodical, therefore imperial, application to peoples defined thereby as â€Å"other,† Du Bois judges the United States to have taken the lead. Du Bois’s theory of racial imperialism is intensely contemporary on the economic roots of all imperialisms. However Du Bois comes the closest of the American intellectuals critical of U. S. imperialism before World War II to understanding U. S. imperialism as a neoimperialism of the postmodern sort we at present relate with the political control of spheres of influence, the corporate manipulation of foreign cultures to create new markets, as well as the exportation of American lifestyles by way of such cultural products as literature and film. For the reason that Du Bois understood race and class to be the critically related fictions by which modern nations justified the unfair distribution of wealth and consequently power, he viewed with special lucidity the extent to which cultural work was indispensable to colonial hierarchies both at home and abroad. For this very reason, Du Bois as well understood the power of culture to combat imperialism by challenging such hierarchies and building influential coalitions of the oppressed to resist domination. As Du Bois grew older and angrier regarding the unrecognized involvement of the United States in colonial ventures around the world, particularly in Africa, Latin America, and at home, he authorized an increasingly rigid economic thesis that is both rudely Marxist and inquisitively blind to the enthusiastic imperialism of the Stalinism he espoused. This turn in Du Bois’s career has often distracted scholars from the delicacy of his earlier discussions of the United States as an imperial power and its novel use of culture to disguise and naturalize its practices of domination. Given the propensity of even America’s most energetic modern critics to localize its imperialism in such specific foreign ventures as the Spanish-American War and the general myopia of Americans until quite lately in regard to the imbrication of U. S. racism and imperialism, Du Bois is a precursor of contemporary cultural and postcolonial criticisms of the role culture has played in disguising the imperialist practices of the United States. Wrong as Du Bois was about Stalinism and in his predictions of the predictable victory of socialism in the twentieth century, his persistence on connecting cultural analyses to their economic consequences as well ought to be heard by contemporary cultural critics. Particularly in his writings before the mid-1930s, Du Bois as well experimented with a combination of literary, historical, sociological, and political discourses that might work together as a â€Å"counter-discourse† to the fantastic narrative of U. S. ideology. The multigeneric qualities of The Souls of Black Folk is methodically modern in its respective challenges to conventional modes of representation, this works as well involve an implicit critique of the privileged and intentionally inaccessible oratory. Determined to challenge hierarchies of race, class, and gender, Du Bois understood how powerfully social authority depended on forms of cultural capital traditionally unavailable to African Americans. Du Bois understood from his earliest works that African-American intellectuals and artists would have to offer alternative cultural resources to challenge such subjective however entrenched powers Mules and Men by Zora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston’s criticism of racial and gender hierarchies in the United States and in our foreign policies toward other nations, particularly in the Caribbean, presents another variation on the cultural response to U. S. imperialism. Unlike W. E. B. Du Bois, Hurston does not constantly and rigidly condemn U. S. intervention in the economic, political, and social spheres of other nations, although she obviously connects domestic racism and sexism with neoimperialist foreign policies, particularly those directed at Third World countries. As well Hurston does not romanticize modern or historical Africa, although she argues constantly for the recognition of how African cultural influences have contributed considerably to the artistic, intellectual, as well as social achievements of African-Americans. In a similar manner, Hurston refuses to romanticize colonized peoples as solely victimized by their conquerors; she goes to substantial lengths to illustrate how the process of decolonization, in Haiti, for instance, has too often brought tyrants to power who have rationalized their injustices on grounds of national sovereignty plus strident anti-colonialism. Hurston condemns all the tyrannies she witnesses, and she therefore estranges herself from U. S. nationalists of various sorts, African nationalists, and Communist critics of U. S. imperialism. At the same time, Hurston often appears to universalize the thesis that â€Å"power corrupts. † in a way that trivializes concrete solutions to the problems she identifies in the United States and the Caribbean. Thus far behind Hurston’s contempt for arbitrary power, whether wielded by white or black tyrants, and her disrespect for those who render righteous their own victimization, there is Hurston’s strong commitment to democratic rule and her conviction that solidarity among different victimized peoples will both authorize them and effect appropriate social reforms. These reforms include for Hurston an end to racial and gender hierarchies and the extension of economic opportunities to underprivileged groups, both within the United States and internationally. The utopian model for such social reforms is a truly democratic society in the United States, in spite of Hurston’s consistent criticism of social inequalities in the United States footed on race and gender. On the one hand, Hurston alleged that Euro-American culture, society, and psychology had much to learn from African-American forms of knowledge and experience; in her utopian moments, she imagines white America transformed and redeemed by such knowledge. On the other hand, she implicit the prevalence of a white ideology that treated much of African-American knowledge as â€Å"backward,† â€Å"superstitious,† and â€Å"primitive,† while whites turned these very characteristics into aspects of an exoticized and fashionable â€Å"negritude. † What some critics have referred to as Hurston’s â€Å"coding† of her narratives must be understood as her primary mode of narration, whose intention is to transform attitudes and feelings, together with preconceived ideas, rather than only â€Å"hiding† her intentions to protect her benefaction. Learning to read the â€Å"double consciousness† of Hurston’s coded narratives is itself a way of transgressing the boundary separating African American from white American, even as it respects the social and historical differences of the racism that has yet to be overcome. â€Å"Mules and Men† is frequently treated together for generic reasons, for the reason that it is major instance of Hurston’s work as folklorist and anthropologist. This book is as well interpreted by some critics as using literary techniques that foresee Hurston’s major fiction. It is the premeditated forgetting of this history of tangled fates and therefore of cultural realities that Hurston condemns in the official histories of the United States and that we ought to class as an imperative aspect of U. S. cultural imperialism. Hurston did not reject firmly the idea of the United States as â€Å"global policeman† or the prospect of U. S. foreign policies, particularly in the Caribbean, contributing to democratic ends. In this regard, she was by no means unusual among majority and minority U. S. intellectuals in the 1930s and 1940s. Hurston understood the ongoing racism and sexism in the United States as forms of colonial domination, which needed strategies of resistance that at times, complement more open anti-colonial and post-colonial struggles around the world. Never did she puzzle the realism of social stratifications by race, class, and gender with her ideals for democratic social, legal, as well as human practices. Furthermore it is the conflict between Hurston’s strategies for enlightening and resisting such oppression at home and abroad and her ideals for the spread of democratic institutions, particularly as they are represented by the promise of U. S. democracy that often contributes to the opposing quality of her political judgments or the impression of her apolitical stance. Hurston’s politics are frequently bound up with her own personality as a progressive, â€Å"new Negro,† exemplifying urban sophistication and specialized education, who sought to connect the rural and Afro-Caribbean heritage of African Americans with their modern future. References: W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folk (Greenwich, Conn. , 1961), 42-43. Zora Neale Hurston, Mules and Men (NewYork: Harper-Collins, 1990), p. 294

Final exam case study's answers Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final exam 's answers - Case Study Example The marine project is likely to boost tourism by transforming Queensland into a home of Australia’s largest tourism infrastructure development that will lure both tourists and international investment. Therefore, the research problem in this case study is the feasibility of the Queensland Government Multibillion Marine project, its allied socio-economic benefits, and impacts, especially to the environment and the residents. Purpose statement The purpose of this research is to establish the viability of the Broadwater Marine Project proposed by the Queensland Government and its potential impacts on the tourism and construction sectors, the environment and the livelihoods of the residents adjacent to the Broadwater. Significance of the Research This research is significant because these findings will provide justifiable evidence concerning the viability of the Broadwater Marine project, and its potential impacts on the environment and the residents of the Spit. This information will be useful for all the stakeholders in the Broadway Marine project because it will provide a formidable foundation for planning to maximise the benefits while limiting the impacts on the environment and the residents of the Spit. ... What are some of the socio-economic benefits of the Broadwater Marine Project to both the government and the residents of the Spit? d. What are some of the potential environmental and social impacts of the Broadwater Marine Project? e. How can the social and environmental negative impacts of the Broadwater Marine Project be reduced, and where possible eliminated all together? Q.2 1) The Research Philosophy The research philosophy that best fits the research questions and objectives is Positivism, an ideology that is characterised by hypothesis/theory testing through measurement of observable social realities. According to the positivists, the social world exists objectively and independently, knowledge is viable only is it is based on the observable reality and that universal theoretical models explaining cause-effect relationships are generalizable and can be used to predict outcomes. The research objectives can be best achieved if the research is guided by values of the positivism philosophy such as reason, truth and validity; the research will focus purely on observable facts. The research data will be gathered through direct observation and experience, measured empirically using quantitative methods such as statistical analysis, surveys and experiments. The viability of the Broadwater Marine project, its perceived socio-economic benefits to the Queensland Government and the Spit residents, and its potential environmental and social impacts can be measured empirically. Positivism provides the relevant tools for data gathering i.e. through observation and experience, measuring using quantitative methods- surveys and experiments, and statistical analysis; given the vast scope of this research, it must be

Comparing and Contrasting the legislative, executive, and judicial Essay

Comparing and Contrasting the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the American government and the government of Kuwait - Essay Example In this paper we are going to compare and contrast the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the American government and Kuwait government. The constitution of the United States government is aimed at ensuring a strong and fair national government while at the same time ensuring the freedoms of individuals are protected from abuse by the government. America is a presidential system of government with three branches; the executive, legislature and the judiciary. Each arm of the government has its own function but its powers are checked by the other arms of government. For example, the legislature makes laws while the judiciary ensures the laws are in line with the constitution. The executive arm of government is headed by the president who is democratically elected by the entire country. The president serves for a term of four years whereby fresh elections are held to elect a new president. The president is the head of state and government and is also the commander in chief of the armed forces. He/she is also entrusted with the duty of negotiating treaties on behalf of the government. The president has the power to appoi nt or remove cabinet ministers, Supreme Court judges and other government officials. The executive also comprises of the vice president and cabinet ministers who are nominated by the president. The cabinet consists of fifteen members who represent the government departments. The role of the executive is to enforce laws which are formulated by the legislature. The president signs bills into law making the laws official and enforceable (USA.gov). Unlike the American government, the executive branch of Kuwait government is headed by a constitutional hereditary emirate. The Amir is the head of state while the prime minister is the head of government. The Amir is not elected by the entire nation but inherits the position from the Al Sabah family. Kuwait does not have a

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 15

Assignment - Essay Example However, they have to learn that they cannot have a perfect plan (Honig, 265). They have to keep trying in order to succeed in the life of business. The secret of effectiveness in any field lies within one’s ability to keep trying until he or she meets success. The timid cannot be a leader or a manager for the sake of argument because he or she has to call the shots, and without confidence they cannot do their jobs. The company named as Apple became the status symbol of innovation in recent years, and the secret lied in the culture of the company. The late CEO of the organization, Steve Jobs introduced the flatter organizational structure for the first in the era of tall organizations with the setup of command and control. The featured corporate leader always believed in the power of innovation, and he struggled thoroughly in order to construct the organization that valued innovative thinking. The company innovated at a product level by introducing newness at an organizational one first. The company brought second order change, and the first order followed the regime on its own. The innovation at an organizational level gave the employees freedom to think creatively and the managers at the company stayed available for their employees so that they can share their thoughts in a free environment (Young and Simon, 168). The company stated openly that it considers its human resources as the most vit al assets of all. The company focused on development of an urge to become better in the employees, and it paid off the Apple in the long run, but the chain of innovation broke recently because the leadership changed, and they tried to undo the development of Jobs that they do not understand and comprehend. The new leadership changed the organization, and destroyed it beyond recognition, and as a result, the turnover rates grew in all

Trade and labour standards Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 15000 words

Trade and labour standards - Dissertation Example As such, in June 1998, the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work was adopted. This development served to force the member states of the ILO. Another important outcome was that it was emphatically prohibited to employ labour standards for protectionist trade purposes. These principles and rights are first, freedom of association and actual recognition of a right to collective bargaining. Second, proscription of any form of compulsory or forced labour. Third, elimination of child labour. Fourth, prohibition of any form of discrimination, with respect to occupation and employment (Policy Brief. International Trade and Core Labour Standards, 2000). The ILO’s follow – up mechanism, in this context, is a significant development in its ability to address the difficulties arising from economic liberalisation at the international level. This system makes it possible to review the relevant progress made by the member states that have not ratified the core l abour standards conventions. A major supporter of this mechanism is the US which has made significant monetary contribution. The US has proposed a system that would assess the influence of international labour standards on international trade and the aims of the GATT (Grace, 2005). This US stance has resulted in the adoption of the basic labour standards of the ILO as the fundamental norms for worker rights. During the 1996, ministerial conference at Singapore, the US called upon the ILO – WTO cooperation to make themselves reciprocally supportive. In addition, it was also stated that there was an urgent need to promote a trading system that was non – discriminatory and transparent. Thereafter, at the 1999 Seattle ministerial meeting of the WTO, the US recommended certain explicit issues for consideration. Some of these were the relationship between social protection, core labour standards and trade; forced labour and trade; positive trade incentives; and derogation on account of trade from national labour standards (Grace, 2005). The extant standards relating to labour are not under the control of the rules and disciplines of the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, some member states of the European Union (EU) and a few nations of North America have expressed the opinion that the WTO should address this issue. It is the firm belief of these countries that such a course of action is indispensable for strengthening public confidence in the international trading system and the WTO (Trade and Labour Standards, 2011). It is the firm conviction of these nations that the WTO should pursue the denial of rights, such as the freedom to engage in collective bargaining, freedom of association, eradication of discrimination in the workplace and workplace abuse. It has been suggested by these countries that these issues can be brought into the WTO, by the strategy of constituting a working group to analyse the norms related to trade and labour (Trade and Labour Standards, 2011). This initiative is believed to better the conditions of all the workers of the world. Views relating to international labour standards admit of considerable divergence. Social and labour activists are seized with the inexorable increase of imports from countries that have scant